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Articles — a, an, the
LESSON
Lesson Reference
Grammar rules and examples for self-study
REVIEW
Review Exercises
Fill-in and gap-fill practice tasks
ANSWER KEY
Answer Key
Correct answers for all exercises
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Articles — a, an, the
Reference
Rule
Example
a
before consonant sound
a cat, a book, a university
an
before vowel sound
an apple, an hour, an idea
the
specific / known
the sun, the door, the best
∅ zero
general / proper nouns
music, Spain, football
Common mistakes
She is an student.
→ She is
a
student.
"st" is a consonant sound
The life is short.
→
Life
is short.
General meaning → no article
I play the football.
→ I play
football
.
Sports → no article
She is from the Spain.
→ She is from
Spain
.
Most countries → no article
Articles — a, an, the — Exercises
a or an?
_____ apple
(an / a)
_____ university
(a / an)
_____ hour
(an / a)
_____ big dog
(a / an)
_____ old car
(an / a)
_____ European country
(a / an)
_____ honest man
(an / a)
_____ umbrella
(an / a)
a, an, the or — (no article)?
I saw _____ cat. _____ cat was black.
She loves _____ music.
He lives in _____ Paris.
Open _____ door, please.
_____ dogs are friendly animals. (in general)
Articles — a, an, the — Answer Key
a or an?
an
— Vowel sound /æ/ → an apple.
a
— /juː/ sounds like a consonant → a university.
an
— Silent h, vowel sound /aʊ/ → an hour.
a
— /b/ consonant sound → a big dog.
an
— Vowel sound /əʊ/ → an old car.
a
— /j/ sounds like a consonant → a European country.
an
— Silent h, vowel sound /ɒ/ → an honest man.
an
— Vowel sound /ʌ/ → an umbrella.
a, an, the or — (no article)?
a
·
The
—
—
the
—