Conjunctions

Conjunctions

Reference

Rule Example
Additionand · also · in additionand she works hard
Contrastbut · although · howeverbut she's lazy / however, she works
Reasonbecause (+ clause) · because of (+ noun)because I was ill
Resultso · thereforeso we stayed / therefore we cancelled

Common mistakes

  1. Although it rained, but we went. → Although it rained, we went.
    No 'but' after although
  2. Despite it rained, we went. → Despite the rain, we went.
    Despite + noun phrase
  3. He is tall so that he plays basketball. → He is tall so he plays basketball.
    "So that" = purpose; "so" = result

Conjunctions — Exercises

Choose the correct conjunction

  1. I like coffee _____ tea. (and / but / or)
  2. I'm tired _____ happy. (contrast) (but / and / or)
  3. Would you like tea _____ coffee? (or / and / but)
  4. I'm hungry _____ I didn't eat. (reason) (because / so / but)
  5. It was raining _____ we stayed home. (result) (so / because / but)
  6. She's happy _____ she passed her exam. (because / so / but)
  7. He was sleepy _____ he went to bed. (so / because / or)
  8. I want to study _____ I want to relax. (contrast) (but / and / because)

Complete with and/but/or/because/so

  1. I'm cold   I'll wear a jacket.
  2. She likes apples   oranges. (addition)
  3. He didn't come   he was sick.
  4. Would you like meat   fish?

Conjunctions — Answer Key

Choose the correct conjunction

  1. and — Adding a second thing you like → and.
  2. but — Two opposite ideas → but.
  3. or — A choice → or.
  4. because — The reason for being hungry → because.
  5. so — The rain caused it → result → so.
  6. because — Passing the exam is the reason → because.
  7. so — Being sleepy caused it → result → so.
  8. but — Two opposite wishes → but.

Complete with and/but/or/because/so

  1. so
  2. and
  3. because
  4. or