C1 · GRAMMAR

Grammar

17 chapters · Lesson · Practice · Game · Printables

Ch 1 Start here

Conditional Linkers and Inverted Conditionals

in case vs if · provided / on condition that · supposing · should / were to / had inversion

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Ch 2

Advanced Passive Structures

reporting passive + perfect / continuous infinitive · there is said to be · being done / to be done · get passive

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Ch 3

Advanced Relative Structures

quantifier + of whom / which · whereby · whoever / whatever / wherever · the first to · in which case

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Ch 4

Reporting Attitude and Nuance

claim · maintain · concede · allege · reporting with nouns · whether to · when not to backshift

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Ch 5

Modals: Continuous, Passive and Probability

modal + have been + -ing · modal + have been + PP · would have liked · may well · could easily

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Ch 6

Inversion: Only, Little, So and Such

only when / only after / not until · little did · so … that · such … that · locative inversion

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Ch 7

Cleft Sentences

It was X who · What I need is · the thing that

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Ch 8

Ellipsis & Substitution

one/ones · so/not · auxiliary ellipsis · to-inf

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Ch 9

Nominalisation

Verbs → nouns · academic style

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Ch 10

Gerunds & Infinitives — Advanced

Meaning pairs · need + -ing · perfect forms

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Ch 11

Articles: Fine Distinctions

a / an + qualified abstract noun · generic a / an · the Smiths, a Picasso · headlines and notes

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Ch 12

Quantifiers — Advanced

vast majority · few/a few · both/either/neither/none

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Ch 13

Causative — Advanced

make/get/have · perception verbs · help

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Ch 14

Hedging Language

Soften claims · academic register · cautious tone

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Ch 15

Discourse Connectors

Furthermore · nevertheless · conversely · subsequently

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Ch 16

Future Perfect Continuous and the Future in the Past

future perfect continuous · would / was about to / was to · be due to · be bound to · be set to

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Ch 17

Subjunctive

I suggest he be · if I were · formal mandative

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