| concept /ˈkɒnsept/ | a general idea or principle | The concept of time travel has fascinated writers for centuries. |
| phenomenon /fəˈnɒmɪnən/ | something that happens and can be observed, especially something unusual | The northern lights are a natural phenomenon caused by solar wind. |
| tendency /ˈtendənsi/ | a habit of behaving in a particular way | He has a tendency to leave everything until the last minute. |
| perception /pəˈsepʃn/ | the way someone understands or sees something | Social media can distort our perception of what is normal. |
| assumption /əˈsʌmpʃn/ | something you believe is true without proof | I made the assumption that the shop was open — it wasn't. |
| perspective /pəˈspektɪv/ | a particular way of looking at something | Travelling abroad gave her a completely new perspective on her own country. |
| dilemma /dɪˈlemə/ | a situation where you must choose between two difficult options | I faced a dilemma: tell my friend the truth or keep the surprise. |
| notion /ˈnəʊʃn/ | an idea or belief, often a vague one | The notion that cats hate water isn't always true — some love swimming. |
| convention /kənˈvenʃn/ | a usual, accepted way of doing something | Shaking hands is a social convention in many countries. |
| curiosity /ˌkjʊəriˈɒsəti/ | a strong wish to know or learn something | Out of curiosity, I opened the old box in the attic. |