C2 · GRAMMAR

Grammar

11 chapters · Lesson · Practice · Game · Printables

Ch 1 Start here

Error Analysis & Correction

Tense slip · agreement · confusable words · register

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Ch 2

The Passive: Choice and Effect

agentless passive and responsibility · was considered / elected / deemed · ergative verbs · passive idioms

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Ch 3

Conditions without If, and If in Unusual Forms

otherwise · without / but for · given · if + will / would · if + happen to · if so / if any / if anything

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Ch 4

Register: From Spoken to Formal

the register continuum · spoken grammar · you / one / we · register clashes in emails and letters

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Ch 5

Academic Grammar

Nominalisation · hedging · impersonal · avoid

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Ch 6

Fronting and Concessive Inversion

adjective + though / as · try as I might · much as · as / than + inversion · gone are the days · fronting

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Ch 7

Information Flow

given before new · end-weight and it-extraposition · end-focus · topic chaining

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Ch 8

Modality: Attitude and Assumption

will for assumption · would for typical behaviour · putative should · might have for reproach · dare / need · modal adverbs

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Ch 9

Reference and Lexical Cohesion

anaphora and cataphora · shell nouns · the former / the latter / respectively · lexical chains · it / this / that

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Ch 10

Tense and Aspect for Effect

historic present · past for politeness · continuous for attitude · perfect vs past in news

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Ch 11

Advanced Clauses

perfect participle clauses · absolute clauses · verbless clauses · lest / for fear that

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