Cap. 9
Oraciones relativas
who · which · that · where · whose — conectar ideas
Las oraciones relativas dan más información sobre un sustantivo. Unen dos ideas en una sola oración usando un pronombre relativo.
Dos frases separadas
Tengo un amigo. Mi amigo vive en Londres.
Una con relativa
Tengo un amigo que vive en Londres.
Tengo un amigo que vive en Londres.
→
I have a friend who lives in London.
Pronombres relativos
who (personas) · which (cosas) · that (ambos) · where (lugares) · whose (posesión)
sustantivo + who + verbo → the student who passed
The teacher who taught me was very kind.
A doctor is a person who helps sick people.
The woman who lives next door is a lawyer.
sustantivo + which + verbo → the book which I read
The film which won the prize was great.
The bag which I bought yesterday is already broken.
The train which goes to Madrid leaves at 9.
para personas
the student that passed (= who)
para cosas
the book that I read (= which)
muy común en habla
"that" es el pronombre relativo más frecuente en el habla cotidiana
Después de superlativos y all/the only/the first/the last, siempre usa "that": the best film that I've seen.
where
the school where I studied · the city where I grew up
whose
the student whose essay won (= el ensayo del estudiante)
The café where we met has closed.
I know a man whose daughter is a pilot.
The book which I bought it is good.
→
The book which I bought is good.
No repitas el pronombre ("it") después de la cláusula relativa.
The person which called is my boss.
→
The person who called is my boss.
Persona → siempre who, nunca "which".
The town where I grew up it is lovely.
→
The town where I grew up is lovely.
No añadas "it" después de la cláusula relativa.
She is the woman who her son is a doctor.
→
She is the woman whose son is a doctor.
Posesión → usa whose.
Resumen
who
personas
the woman who works here
which
cosas
the book which I read
that
personas o cosas (informal)
the film that I saw
where / whose
lugares / posesión
the town where I grew up