Regular Past Tense (Preterite)

The preterite (pretérito indefinido) is used to describe completed actions in the past. Learn to conjugate regular -AR, -ER, and -IR verbs in the past tense.

Regular -AR Verbs (Preterite)

To conjugate regular -AR verbs, remove the -ar and add these endings:

yo → hablé (I spoke)
-aste → hablaste (you spoke)
él/ella/usted → habló (he/she spoke)
nosotros -amos → hablamos (we spoke)
ellos/ellas -aron → hablaron (they spoke)

Note: -AR verbs have the same "nosotros" form in present and preterite!

Regular -ER & -IR Verbs (Preterite)

Regular -ER and -IR verbs share the same endings in the preterite:

yo → comí, viví (I ate, I lived)
-iste → comiste, viviste (you ate, you lived)
él/ella/usted -ió → com, viv (he ate, he lived)
nosotros -imos → comimos, vivimos (we ate, we lived)
ellos/ellas -ieron → comieron, vivieron (they ate, they lived)

Using the Preterite

Use the preterite to talk about completed actions in the past:

Ayer hablé con mi profesor. = Yesterday I spoke with my teacher.

¿Qué comiste anoche? = What did you eat last night?

Ellos vivieron en Madrid por cinco años. = They lived in Madrid for five years.

Trabajé todo el día. = I worked all day.

Time Markers with the Preterite

Use these time markers to show past actions:

  • ayer (yesterday)
  • anoche (last night)
  • la semana pasada (last week)
  • el mes pasado (last month)
  • hace una hora (an hour ago)
  • hace dos días (two days ago)
  • el año pasado (last year)

Hace una semana viajé a París. = I traveled to Paris a week ago.

El mes pasado estudiamos este tema. = Last month we studied this topic.

Practice: Preterite Conjugations

Try these conjugations:

Yo (hablar) ayer.hablé

Ellos (comer) toda la pizza.comieron

Tú (escribir) una carta.escribiste

Nosotros (vivir) en ese pueblo.vivimos

Common Mistakes

Traps for English speakers

These are the errors English speakers make most often.

Yo estudie anoche
Yo estudié anoche
The yo preterite of -ar verbs ends in -é (with an accent).
El hablo ayer
Él habló ayer
Without the accent, hablo is present tense.
Yo comié
Yo comí
The yo preterite of -er/-ir verbs ends in -í.

Key Takeaways

  • The preterite describes completed past actions.
  • -AR verbs: -é, -aste, -ó, -amos, -aron
  • -ER & -IR verbs: -í, -iste, -ió, -imos, -ieron
  • Regular preterite forms have predictable patterns.
  • Use time markers (ayer, anoche, la semana pasada) with the preterite.
  • This is the most basic past tense and essential for storytelling.

Practice ◆