Register Switching

LESSON
Lesson Reference
Grammar rules and examples for self-study
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REVIEW
Review Exercises
Fill-in and gap-fill practice tasks
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ANSWER KEY
Answer Key
Correct answers for all exercises
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Register Switching

Grammar Reference

Form Example
5 registersfrozen · formal · consultative · casual · intimateFull forms: do not, cannot, it is
Formal markersfull forms · inversion · passive · nominalisation · single-word verbsInversion: Were I to..., Had I known...
Hedgingappropriate in academic/diplomatic · weak in journalismPassive voice: It was decided that...
Addressing readeryou · one · the reader · we · it-passiveNominalisation: The decision was...

Register Switching — Exercises

Exercises

  1. Rewrite in formal register: "They've done loads to cut emissions."
  2. Rewrite informally: "It has been established that regular exercise has a positive effect on mental health."
  3. Identify the register error: "The government has conducted extensive research into the matter. It's pretty clear the policy isn't working."
  4. Convert to formal (nominalise + passive): "The team achieved the targets quickly."
  5. Which is more appropriate for a formal complaint letter: "I'm writing about the terrible service I got" or "I am writing to express my dissatisfaction with the service I received"?
  6. Add hedging to make this claim more academic: "Automation will cause mass unemployment."

Register Switching — Answer Key

Exercises

  1. Sample answer: Considerable efforts have been made to reduce emissions. / The organisation has taken significant steps to reduce emissions.
  2. Sample answer: Turns out regular exercise is actually really good for your mental health.
  3. Sample answer: Register shift:
  4. Sample answer: The targets were achieved rapidly by the team. / Rapid achievement of the targets was recorded.
  5. Sample answer: Automation may lead to significant levels of unemployment. / It has been suggested that automation could result in widespread job losses.