| Form | Example | |
|---|---|---|
| 5 registers | frozen · formal · consultative · casual · intimate | Full forms: do not, cannot, it is |
| Formal markers | full forms · inversion · passive · nominalisation · single-word verbs | Inversion: Were I to..., Had I known... |
| Hedging | appropriate in academic/diplomatic · weak in journalism | Passive voice: It was decided that... |
| Addressing reader | you · one · the reader · we · it-passive | Nominalisation: The decision was... |