A2 · Past Simple — Lección

¿Qué es el Past Simple?

El Past Simple describe acciones completadas en el pasado. En español, es como el pretérito indefinido (trabajé, fui, comí).

Acciones completadas

I worked in Madrid. (Trabajé en Madrid.)

Tiempo específico

She left yesterday. (Se fue ayer.)

Serie de eventos

He arrived, sat down, and started eating. (Llegó, se sentó y empezó a comer.)

Forma regular: -ed

Base verb + -ed = Past Simple

subject + verb + -ed → He walked.

Regular verbs

work → worked, play → played, start → started, finish → finished

Pronunciación: /t/

After /p, k, f/: helped, looked, pushed

Pronunciación: /d/

After vowels or /b, g, v/: played, loved, washed

Formas irregulares

Verbos irregulares NO siguen el patrón -ed

Muy comunes

go → went (ir → fui)

have → had (tener → tuve)

do → did (hacer → hice)

see → saw (ver → vi)

Más irregulares

eat → ate (comer → comí)

give → gave (dar → di)

take → took (tomar → tomé)

know → knew (saber → supe)

Negativo y preguntas

Usa DID (no -ed en el verbo principal)

Negativo

didn't + infinitive: I didn't work. (No trabajé.)

Pregunta

Did + subject + infinitive: Did you work yesterday? (¿Trabajaste ayer?)

Respuesta corta

Yes, I did. (Sí, lo hice.) / No, I didn't. (No, no lo hice.)

NUNCA: "I didn't worked" — siempre infinitivo con didn't

Past Simple vs Present Perfect

¿Cuándo use cada uno?

Past Simple (tiempo específico)

I started work last Monday. (Comencé el lunes pasado.)

We met yesterday. (Nos conocimos ayer.)

Present Perfect (sin tiempo específico)

I have started work. (He comenzado a trabajar.)

We have just met. (Nos acabamos de conocer.)

Errores comunes

Hispanohablantes

She goes to Madrid last week.

→

She went to Madrid last week.

Tiempo pasado = past simple, no present

I didn't went home.

→

I didn't go home.

didn't + infinitive, nunca formas pasadas

Did you did your homework?

→

Did you do your homework?

Con 'did', el verbo principal es infinitivo

Resumen

Regular

verb + -ed

played, worked, wanted

Irregular

special forms

went, had, saw, came

Negativo

didn't + infinitive

didn't play, didn't go

Pregunta

Did + subject + infinitive?

Did you play? Did she go?

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