¡Atención! El verbo be: pasado simple = was/were; participio pasado = been. "I have been to Paris" (he estado / visitado) vs "I have gone to Paris" (me he ido y sigo allí).
Palabras de tiempo frecuentes
¿Has probado sushi alguna vez?
→
Have you ever tried sushi?
Nunca he estado en China.
→
I have never been to China.
Ella acaba de salir.
→
She has just left.
Ya he comido.
→
I have already eaten.
¿Has terminado ya?
→
Have you finished yet?
Vivo aquí desde 2020.
→
I've lived here since 2020.
Present perfect vs pasado simple
Present perfect
I have visited Paris.
no se dice cuándo — experiencia de vida
She has just arrived.
Pasado simple
I visited Paris last year.
tiempo específico en el pasado
She arrived at 8pm.
Si mencionas cuándo (ayer, en 2020, la semana pasada) → pasado simple. Si el tiempo es general o reciente → present perfect.
Errores frecuentes
I have seen him yesterday.
→
I saw him yesterday.
"ayer" = tiempo acabado → pasado simple
She has went home.
→
She has gone home.
go → gone (participio pasado, no went)
I have eat sushi.
→
I have eaten sushi.
participio pasado: eaten (no eat)
Did you ever been to Italy?
→
Have you ever been to Italy?
experiencia de vida → have you ever + participio pasado
Resumen
Forma
have/has + participio pasado
I have visited / she has eaten
Uso
experiencia · acción reciente · resultado presente