Cambio de tiempos verbales · say vs tell · cambios de palabras
¿Qué es el reported speech?
El reported speech (discurso indirecto) nos dice qué dijo alguien, sin usar sus palabras exactas. Los tiempos verbales y algunas palabras cambian para reflejar que ya pasó.
"Estoy cansada", dijo ella.
→
She said she was tired.
"Voy a llamar mañana", me dijo.
→
He told me he would call the next day.
¡Atención con say vs tell!Say no lleva objeto directo ("she said she was tired"). Tell siempre necesita una persona ("she told me she was tired").
Cambio de tiempos verbales
Cada tiempo verbal retrocede un paso
"Trabajo aquí."
→
She said she worked there.
"Estoy esperando."
→
He said he was waiting.
"Me fui temprano."
→
She said she had left early.
"Llamaré."
→
He said he would call.
"Puedo nadar."
→
She said she could swim.
Cambios de pronombres y palabras
El punto de vista cambia — las palabras se ajustan
"Yo amo esto."
→
She said she loved it.
"Mi coche."
→
He said it was his car.
"Vivo aquí."
→
She said she lived there.
"Ahora entiendo."
→
He said he understood then.
"Vendré mañana."
→
She said she would come the next day.
"Estoy ocupado hoy."
→
He said he was busy that day.
Preguntas en reported speech
El orden vuelve a ser normal — sin inversión
Directa: "¿Dónde vive ella?" → Indirecta: He asked where she lived.
"¿Dónde trabajas?"
→
She asked where I worked. (NO where did I work)
"¿Estás listo?"
→
He asked if I was ready.
En preguntas indirectas: orden normal (sujeto antes del verbo). No se usa do/does/did. El tiempo verbal sigue cambiando.