Cap. 8
Gerundios vs Infinitivos
verb + -ing vs to · gerundio vs infinitivo · diferencias sutiles
En el nivel B2 dominas el sistema completo: no solo qué verbos usan qué forma, sino por qué la forma cambia el significado.
Verbos + -ing solo
enjoy · avoid · consider · admit · deny · miss · risk · imagine · resent
Verbos + to solo
agree · decide · hope · manage · refuse · want · expect · seem · afford
Verbos + cualquiera (cambia el significado)
remember · forget · stop · try · go on · regret · mean · like · love · hate · prefer
Recuerdo haberla visto.
→
I remember seeing her. (recuerdo del pasado)
Recordé llamar.
→
I remembered to call. (no olvidé tarea futura)
Nunca olvidaré conocerte.
→
I'll never forget meeting you. (pasado memorable)
Olvidé cerrar la puerta.
→
I forgot to lock the door. (fracasé en tarea futura)
Ella dejó de fumar.
→
She stopped smoking. (dejó el hábito)
Ella paró para fumar.
→
She stopped to smoke. (se detuvo con un propósito)
Prueba añadir más sal.
→
Try adding more salt. (experimenta — ver si funciona)
Intenté abrir el tarro pero no pude.
→
I tried to open the jar but couldn't. (hice un esfuerzo)
Ella siguió hablando durante una hora.
→
She went on talking for an hour. (continuó misma actividad)
Él llegó a ser director ejecutivo.
→
He went on to become CEO. (pasó a nueva etapa)
Lamento haber dicho eso.
→
I regret saying that. (lo siento por acción pasada)
Lamento informarle.
→
I regret to inform you. (lo siento al comunicar — formal)
Me gusta nadar.
→
I like swimming. (hábito general)
Me gusta nadar antes del desayuno.
→
I like to swim before breakfast. (ocasión específica)
Me gustaría venir.
→
I would like to come. (deseo específico)
would like siempre lleva infinitivo: "I'd like to have coffee" (NO I'd like having).
I regret to say that yesterday.
→
I regret saying that yesterday.
arrepentimiento pasado → regret + -ing
She forgot locking the door.
→
She forgot to lock the door.
tarea fallida → forget + to
I would like having a coffee.
→
I would like to have a coffee.
would like siempre + infinitivo
Try to adding pepper — it helps.
→
Try adding pepper — it helps.
experimentar → try + -ing
Resumen
-ing solo
enjoy · avoid · consider · admit · miss
I enjoy swimming.
to solo
agree · decide · manage · refuse · hope
She refused to answer.
Cambio significado
remember/forget/stop/try + -ing vs to
stopped smoking ≠ stopped to smoke
would like
siempre + to infinitivo
I'd like to have coffee.