Cap. 4

Mixed Conditionals

If + past perfect → would now · If + past simple → would have

Mixed conditionals — sistema completo

Los mixed conditionals combinan elementos de distintos tipos de condicionales. Se usan cuando el tiempo en la cláusula del if y en la cláusula del resultado son diferentes.

Tipo A
Condición pasada → resultado presente: If I had studied, I would be a doctor now.
Tipo B
Condición presente → resultado pasado: If I were braver, I would have asked her out.

Tipo A: pasado → presente

Una condición pasada tiene consecuencias en el presente

If + past perfect, + would + verbo en infinitivo (ahora)
Ejemplo 1
If I had taken that job, I would be earning more now.
Ejemplo 2
If she hadn't moved to London, she wouldn't have her current job.
Realidad
No tomé el trabajo (pasado) → No gano más ahora (presente)

Tipo B: presente → pasado

Una condición actual afecta un resultado pasado

If + past simple (ahora), + would have + participio pasado
Ejemplo 1
If I were more organised, I would have finished on time.
Ejemplo 2
If he weren't so stubborn, things would have worked out.
Realidad
No soy organizado (verdad ahora) → No terminé a tiempo (pasado)

Lado a lado

Tipo A (pasado→presente)
If she had married him, she would be miserable now.
If I hadn't left early, I would be stuck in traffic.
Tipo B (presente→pasado)
If he weren't so shy, he would have introduced himself.
If I knew French, I would have helped the tourist.

Errores frecuentes

If I had studied, I will be a doctor now.
→
If I had studied, I would be a doctor now.
resultado hipotético en presente → would, no will
If I would be richer, I would have bought it.
→
If I were richer, I would have bought it.
la cláusula if usa past simple (no would)
If she had been here, she helped us.
→
If she had been here, she would have helped us.
el resultado debe incluir would + have + participio pasado

Resumen

Tipo A
past perfect → would + inf (now)
If I had studied, I would be richer now.
Tipo B
past simple (now) → would have + PP
If I knew French, I would have helped.
Nunca "would" en if
cláusula if solo usa past o past perfect
if I had / if I were
Practicar ahora →