Ch. 18 · Grammaire

Verb Patterns — Infinitif ou -ing ?

Want to do, enjoy doing : quel verbe appelle quoi ?

Le problème

Le français enchaîne deux verbes sans se poser de questions (« je veux partir », « j’aime partir »). L’anglais impose un choix : to + infinitif ou -ing, selon le premier verbe.

I want to leave. · I enjoy leaving early.

Famille « to + infinitif »

want, decide, hope, plan, promise, learn, offer, refuse, agree, need + to...

We decided to move. · She hopes to find a job soon.

He promised to help us.

Famille « -ing »

enjoy, finish, avoid, suggest, mind, keep, practise, imagine, miss + -ing...

Have you finished eating? · I suggest taking the train.

I miss living by the sea. (Ça me manque de vivre près de la mer.)

Les deux, sans grand changement

like, love, hate, prefer, start, begin, continue acceptent les deux formes au sens quasi identique.

I love reading. = I love to read.

Avec would : toujours to → I’d like to book a table. (jamais « I’d like booking »)

Les deux, mais le sens change !

stop, remember, forget, try changent de sens selon la forme.

He stopped smoking. (Il a arrêté de fumer.) · He stopped to smoke. (Il s’est arrêté pour fumer.)

Remember to lock the door. (Pense à fermer !) · I remember locking it. (Je me souviens de l’avoir fermée.)

Erreurs typiques

Les pièges classiques pour les francophones

Voici les erreurs que les francophones font le plus souvent sur ce point.

I want that you come.
I want you to come.
« Je veux que tu viennes » → want + personne + to : I want you to come.
I enjoy to travel.
I enjoy travelling.
Enjoy appartient à la famille -ing.
She decided buying a flat.
She decided to buy a flat.
Decide appartient à la famille to + infinitif.
I’d like ordering now.
I'd like to order now.
Would like + to + infinitif, toujours.
Il a arrêté de fumer → He stopped to smoke.
He stopped smoking.
Stop + -ing = arrêter de ; stop + to = s’arrêter pour.

Récapitulatif : Verb Patterns

+ to
want, decide, hope, promise...
We decided to move.
+ -ing
enjoy, finish, avoid, suggest...
Have you finished eating?
Les deux (≈)
like, love, start, continue
I love reading / to read.
would + to
I'd like to...
I'd like to book a table.
Sens change
stop, remember, forget, try
stopped smoking ≠ stopped to smoke
Vouloir que qqn
want + personne + to
I want you to come.
Aux exercices →