French has three ways to form yes/no questions — choose the right one for the context
English only uses inversion (Is she here?) or a tag (She's here, isn't she?). French has three full methods, ordered from informal to formal.
| Method | How | Register |
|---|---|---|
| Rising intonation | Statement + ? (voice rises) | spoken, informal |
| Est-ce que… | Add est-ce que before statement | spoken and written, neutral |
| Inversion | Swap verb and subject pronoun | formal, written |
Simply say the statement with a rising voice at the end. In writing, add a question mark.
Est-ce que (literally "is it that") goes at the start of the sentence. The word order after it stays the same (subject + verb).
Swap the subject pronoun and the conjugated verb, linked with a hyphen. Only used in formal writing and careful speech.
For information questions, question words come at the start (like English):
| French | English | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Où | Where | Où habitez-vous? |
| Quand | When | Quand est-ce qu'il arrive? |
| Pourquoi | Why | Pourquoi tu pars? |
| Comment | How | Comment vous appelez-vous? |
| Combien | How much/many | Combien ça coûte? |
| Qui | Who | Qui est là? |
| Qu'est-ce que | What | Qu'est-ce que tu fais? |